PCB設計の4つの黄金律

When designing a PCB, there are several golden rules that you must follow. These include the Design rule check (DRC) as often as possible, grouping components, separating traces, and the Thermal relief pattern. All of these will make the design process go more smoothly and reduce costs. Moreover, these rules will help you save time and money by making stock decisions easier.

Design rule check (DRC) as often as you can bear it

Design rule checking (DRC) is an important process that helps engineers avoid costly design errors. It helps them identify flaws before they are implemented into their PCB designs. Design rule checking is an efficient way to check that a design meets its specifications and that it will not cause any problems for the final assembly.

PCB designers can run a DRC on their schematic and layout designs to identify and fix errors. These tools generate a comprehensive report detailing any violations. These reports include details such as the rules violated and the specific components involved by reference designator. These tools can also be used manually. However, you should keep in mind that they are not a replacement for a DRC.

While the DRC on PCB design takes some time, it can save you a lot of headache later on. Even if your PCB design is simple, checking it frequently will save you hours of tedious work. It is a good habit to get into, especially if you are working on a complex PCB.

Grouping components

Grouping components is an important part of PCB design. Components with similar functions should be placed together. For example, power management ICs should be grouped with LDOs and other similar devices. In addition, power management ICs and other devices with high currents should be separated from analog and digital parts. Also, keep components with high switching frequencies and high electromagnetic noise separate from other parts. By grouping components by function, you will have a better control over the return path, and you’ll also be able to avoid overheating certain components.

Grouping components in a PCB design is essential to avoid crosstalk and interference between digital and analog signals. Crosstalk is a problem that can compromise the integrity of the signal. To prevent this problem, grouping non-homogeneous components into distinct areas is the simplest solution. This way, the analog and digital masses won’t confuse each other.

The placement of components is important because it affects the overall process and the overall design of the product. Improper placement can result in poor functionality, manufacturability, and maintenance. Some signals may also be corrupted if they are placed incorrectly. The correct placement of components can improve the design process and save a lot of time.

Separating traces

The process of PCB design involves separating traces. The exact width and number of traces will depend on the nature of the signal being transmitted. Thin traces are usually used for low-current TTL signals that don’t need noise protection or high current carrying capacity. They are the most common type of traces on a circuit board. However, some PCB designs will need thicker traces to carry high-power signals and other power-related functions.

Trace geometry is of great importance for proper circuit operation. Because traces are used to carry electrical signals, they must be the right width to prevent overheating and minimize the area of the PCB. There are many calculator tools online that will help you calculate the proper width of a trace.

When designing a PCB, it’s vital to separate analog signals from digital signals. These signals can interfere with each other, and it’s important to keep them separated to prevent crosstalk.

Thermal relief pattern

A thermal relief pattern helps circuit boards dissipate heat across a large area. This is useful when soldering through-hole devices. It is important that the circuit board be designed to minimize the risk of heat buildup during the soldering process.

Thermal relief patterns should be used at any place where a component plate meets a via or a ground plane. They also provide additional support for the component and help reduce thermal stress. Thermal reliefs should be checked regularly during the design phase. Caught early, problems can be minimized or avoided entirely.

It is also important to note that the size of the thermal reliefs must match the width of the power trace. Too small a thermal relief can result in excessive heat and a burned-out connection. A better thermal relief design is one that features enough metal and fewer spokes.