プリント基板の製造方法

PCBの製造を完了するには、CMとOEMとのコミュニケーションが重要です。2つのグループは、最終的な製造プロセスでのエラーを避けるために、同じ設計ファイルを使用する必要があります。プリント基板の製造に使用する材料も、最終的な購入者にとって費用対効果の高いものでなければなりません。OEMはプリント基板設計に使用する材料の種類に同意しなければなりませんが、CMはその材料が予算内であることを確認しなければなりません。

制御された深度掘削

制御された深さのドリルは、PCBボード上の銅層を接続するために使用されます。また、PCBシートのプレドリル加工にも使用できます。PCBボードの素材や厚みに適したドリルサイズを使用することが重要です。ドリルの適切な深さがわからない場合は、専門家にご相談ください。

制御された深さの穴あけは、ビアスタブによる信号の反射を低減するのに役立ちます。また、EMI/EMC放射も低減します。このプロセスは高周波プリント基板に最も効果的です。ただし、横方向のトレースを傷つけないようにするため、独自の穴あけ技術が必要です。

エッチング

PCBボードのエッチングは、塩化第二鉄を含むエッチング液にPCBを浸すだけの簡単な作業です。この溶液は基板上の銅と反応し、不要な銅を除去する。溶液を直接水につけないことと、処理後にPCBを適切に乾燥させることを忘れてはならない。

エッチングの工程では、必要な道具と材料を準備しておく必要がある。これらの材料が揃ったら、いよいよプロセスの開始です。以下のステップでは、PCBボードをエッチングするプロセスを説明します。必要な材料を以下に示します。それぞれの材料には、一定量の水が必要です。

まず、錫か鉛の薄い層を塗ってプリント基板を準備しなければならない。こうすることで、基板上の銅を損傷から守ることができる。次に、銅の回路トラックを傷つけることなく錫を除去する化学溶液が必要です。この後、次のステップに進むことができます。次に、銅がはんだ付けされていない部分にソルダーレジスト材を塗布する必要があります。こうすることで、はんだがトレースを作り、近くの部品をショートさせるのを防ぐことができます。

ラミネート加工

ラミネートPCBボードは、保護フィルムでプリント回路基板をカバーするプロセスです。PCBラミネートは、ハロゲンなどの有害元素にさらされる量を減らすことによって回路基板を保護することができます。これらの元素は人間や環境に有害です。PCBラミネートに特定の要件はありませんが、製品がハロゲンにさらされる可能性がある場合は、検討することをお勧めします。

ラミネーターには複数のプレートが搭載されている。ラミネーション工程では、プリント基板がプレートの間に置かれ、ピンと位置合わせされる。この工程は「ラミネーション」と呼ばれ、高温高圧下で行われます。ラミネーション工程では、回路基板内にボイドが形成されるのを防ぎ、構造的な完全性が失われるのを防ぐために真空が使用されます。

プリント基板のリバースエンジニアリング方法

To reverse engineer a Printed Circuit Board, you will first need to create a schematic diagram. This will enable you to identify weaknesses in a competitor’s PCB. In this article, we will also talk about the data acquisition process. If you have a PCB with a complex design, reverse engineering will require more focus and time.

Using a schematic diagram

When you need to reverse engineer a printed circuit board, you can use a schematic diagram. These drawings are very useful for describing how the components are connected and work together. They can also be used for generating supporting documents, like a PCB schematic diagram.

There are many different programs that can produce schematics from a layout. AutoTrace, for example, is an excellent program for this task. It works by converting a bitmap image into a vector graphic and can produce an accurate schematic quickly. However, more complex PCBs require a more extensive and detailed process, and many hours of work.

The next step in reverse engineering a printed circuit board is to find the specific components on the board. It is important to select the meaningful components and assign them to specific schematic pages. These components should have a large number of leads and a significant function. This process is based on a principle called Automatism, which assigns symbols that have close connections to one another. This principle is similar to the “child wants to be close to its mother” principle.

Using X-ray tomography

Using X-ray tomography, a form of imaging technology that uses X-rays to see the inside of an electronic device, can be a useful tool in reverse engineering. The technology can help you identify individual components, such as transistors. In addition, it can help you determine the components’ exact locations.

Traditionally, reverse engineering entails physical alterations to a printed circuit board in order to uncover its internal components. However, this process is highly error-prone, time-consuming, and can damage a product. In order to use X-ray tomography to reverse-engineer a printed circuit board, you need a machine that can acquire detailed images of the PCB.

Traditional computed tomography (CTM) is not suitable for examining PCBs. In order to capture a detailed image of a circuit board, it must be rotated 360 degrees while being exposed to x-rays. The amount of attenuation at each projection on the detector is then used to reconstruct the object. However, it’s important to understand that X-ray tomography isn’t a foolproof method, and the quality of the results depends on the X-ray exposure.

Using data acquisition

Using data acquisition to reverse engineer a PCB involves examining the PCB’s internal and external layers. This process can be used to create a new, identical PCB or improve an existing one. It is also useful for identifying competitive features. The process requires a sample PCB that is either bare or partially populated.

PCB reverse engineering is a technique used to analyze existing electronic products to reproduce them at a lower cost and with better features. The process can be performed with the help of software tools. In many cases, these programs can also produce documents and schematics of the PCB.

The process involves scanning a board and creating 3D CAD models of it. This data collection process creates a cloud of points, which may contain millions of XYZ and IJK co-ordinates. The data is captured from multiple views and locations, so each point will need to be aligned and positioned accurately in a single co-ordinate system. Then, the data must be transformed into a triangulated STL polygonal file.

Identifying weaknesses in a competitor’s PCB

If you’re trying to find a competitive edge over your competitor, one way to do so is to look at their work processes. These work processes can reveal a variety of weaknesses in a company, such as a rigid structure, a weak business model, and a lack of leadership. While it’s not always easy to admit weaknesses, recognizing them is critical for future growth.

プリント基板はなぜ緑色なのか？

The most common colour used on PCBs is green. This is the cheapest colour to produce and the default colour for 21st century printed circuit boards. It was also the regulation colour for US military PCBs as it withstood harsh conditions best. As a result, green was a popular choice among manufacturers who primarily supplied the military. This colour also proved to be the cheapest option for non-military customers.

Solder mask protects traces from oxidation

A solder mask protects traces from oxidation, creating a strong electrical bond between components and boards. Its adhesive features help PCB designers firmly hold components on the board. Its role is to prevent oxidation of copper traces and to prevent the formation of solder bridges.

Solder masks can be applied during hand soldering or automatically using an automatic assembly system. Regardless of the method of assembly, a solder mask is an essential part of PCB fabrication. It helps prevent oxidation of copper traces, hinders unexpected connections and keeps dirt and dust from contaminating the board.

The manufacture of solder masks is a highly sophisticated process that requires advanced technology and up-to-date equipment. Because of the high precision and high-quality equipment involved, it is not possible to produce solder masks at home. A typical manufacturing process involves several steps, with the final step being thermal curing.

There are many types of solder masks available for PCB manufacturing. It is important to choose the right one for your project and needs. A PCB manufacturing expert will be able to advise you on the most suitable one. Copper is often difficult to connect if it is oxidized or smooth, so a solder mask is needed to protect it from oxidation.

A solder mask also protects traces from oxidation by preventing traces from bridging. This is particularly important for BGAs and fine-pitch traces. By defining a small gap between exposed pads and solder mask, a dam is created preventing molten solder from flowing onto neighboring pads. It also helps hold solder droplets in place during soldering.

Relieves fatigue

One of the benefits of a green PCB is that it makes it easier to inspect it visually. When the PCB is green, employees can easily see all the parts and can perform manual screening more effectively. The green color is the most comfortable for the human eye, and it also creates noticeable contrast.

Previously, workers would use their bare eyes to check a board’s quality, but that was a tiring task. Researchers say the color green is calming to the brain. Human eyes are incredibly sensitive to green light. This means that a green PCB can clearly show any flaws on the external layers.

Green solder masks are another benefit. Using these masks can make PCB inspection less tiring. Human eye sensors are particularly sensitive to green light wavelengths, so a green solder mask will make it easier to see traces and residues on the board. Another reason for using green solder masks is that they are stronger and easier to mass-produce. PCB assembly services often use these masks in the manufacturing process to reduce worker fatigue.

Another reason why green PCBs are preferable is that green light has an anti-fatigue effect. Green light reduces eye strain and provides contrast, making it easier for workers to inspect a PCB visually. It also provides a soothing effect, which can reduce fatigue caused by prolonged manual inspections.

Improves human legibility

A green board makes it easier to distinguish individual circuit traces and pads. This color has the highest contrast of all the colors, making it easier for humans to inspect the boards. It is also the easiest colour for the human eye to perceive, so this colour is useful when working with small, intricate objects.

When printed circuit boards are green, it is easier for employees to examine the boards. The color’s contrast helps them to see all the parts of the board and conduct effective manual screening. Because green has a high contrast, it also reduces eye strain. This allows employees inspecting the boards to see all the circuitry.

Because of its contrast, green PCBs are easier for people to read, especially when paired with white text. Green PCBs are also easier to inspect by hand, which is a key benefit for manufacturers. As green is more easily visible than any other color, it can reduce the risk of eye strain and increase efficiency. As a result, green is a preferred color in many factories.

Green PCBs are much easier to read than those with white silkscreened identities. The colour is the best complement to human legible font. In the 1960s, Peter Skipping, founder of Artech Devices, created a PCB with green solder resistance that he soldered to the copper pads of the panel. This solder resistor protected the copper traces from the high temperatures of machine tinning.